SLF4J - 参数化日志记录


正如本教程前面所讨论的,SLF4J 提供对参数化日志消息的支持。

您可以在消息中使用参数,并稍后在同一语句中将值传递给它们。

句法

如下所示,您需要在消息(字符串)中的任何需要的地方使用占位符({}),稍后您可以以对象形式传递占位符的值,用逗号分隔消息和值。

Integer age;
Logger.info("At the age of {} ramu got his first job", age);

例子

以下示例演示了使用 SLF4J 的参数化日志记录(使用单个参数)。

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class PlaceHolders {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      
      //Creating the Logger object
      Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PlaceHolders.class);
      Integer age = 23;
      
      //Logging the information
      logger.info("At the age of {} ramu got his first job", age);
   }
}

输出

执行后,上述程序生成以下输出 -

Dec 10, 2018 3:25:45 PM PlaceHolders main
INFO: At the age of 23 Ramu got his first job

参数化日志记录的优点

在 Java 中,如果我们需要在语句中打印值,我们将使用连接运算符:

System.out.println("At the age of "+23+" ramu got his first job");

这涉及到将整数值 23 转换为字符串并将该值与其周围的字符串连接起来。

如果它是一个日志记录语句,并且如果您的语句的特定日志级别被禁用,那么所有这些计算将毫无用处。

在这种情况下,您可以使用参数化日志记录。在这种格式中,SLF4J 最初会确认是否启用了特定级别的日志记录。如果是这样,它将用相应的值替换消息中的占位符。

例如,如果我们有这样的语句

Integer age;
Logger.debug("At the age of {} ramu got his first job", age);

仅当启用调试时,SLF4J 才会将年龄转换为整数并将其与字符串连接,否则不执行任何操作。因此,当禁用日志级别时,会产生参数构造的成本。

两个参数变体

您还可以在消息中使用两个参数:

logger.info("Old weight is {}. new weight is {}.", oldWeight, newWeight);

例子

以下示例演示了参数化日志记录中两个占位符的用法。

import java.util.Scanner;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class PlaceHolders {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      Integer oldWeight;
      Integer newWeight;
      Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
      System.out.println("Enter old weight:");
      oldWeight = sc.nextInt();

      System.out.println("Enter new weight:");
      newWeight = sc.nextInt();

      //Creating the Logger object
      Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Sample.class);

      //Logging the information
      logger.info("Old weight is {}. new weight is {}.", oldWeight, newWeight);
 
      //Logging the information
      logger.info("After the program weight reduced is: "+(oldWeight-newWeight));
   }
}

输出

执行后,上述程序会生成以下输出。

Enter old weight:
85
Enter new weight:
74
Dec 10, 2018 4:12:31 PM PlaceHolders main
INFO: Old weight is 85. new weight is 74.
Dec 10, 2018 4:12:31 PM PlaceHolders main
INFO: After the program weight reduced is: 11

多参数变体

您还可以使用两个以上的占位符,如下例所示 -

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class PlaceHolders {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      Integer age = 24;
      String designation = "Software Engineer";
      String company = "Infosys";

      //Creating the Logger object
      Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Sample.class);

      //Logging the information
      logger.info("At the age of {} ramu got his first job as a {} at {}", age, designation, company);
   }
}

输出

执行后,上述程序生成以下输出 -

Dec 10, 2018 4:23:52 PM PlaceHolders main
INFO: At the age of 24 ramu got his first job as a Software Engineer at Infosys